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Association between CHRNA3 gene rs1051730 polymorphism and lung cancer has been widely evaluated, however the results are often irreproducible. We thus aimed to evaluate this association via a comprehensive meta-analysis. Data were extracted from 11 study populations involving 9359 lung cancer patients and 11455 controls, and were analyzed using STATA (vl 1.0). Random-effects model was applied, while addressing heterogeneity and publication bias. Genotype distributions of rs 1051730 polymorphism met Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in controls for all studies. Allelic comparison indicated that rsl051730 A allele conferred 30%