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文章从“断”的音注材料出发,结合其在上古文献中的句法表现,重新分析上古汉语中“断”的音义关系。与已有研究相比,文章(1)进一步论证了定母上声一读的音义地位,认为它和端母上声一读在语义上是单纯结果义和行为兼结果义的对立,在构词法上是自动词和使动词的对立,还证明这一变声构词中端母上声一读是原始词;(2)细化了端母上声到端母去声这一变调构词的词义引申过程,更好地解释了《经典释文》中的一些又音现象;(3)认为定母去声一读义为从整体上分离出去的物体,是端母上声或定母上声一读的转指。最后,文章结合现代汉语方言,考察“断”字音义的历史演变。
Starting from the sound note of “Broken ”, the article re - analyzes the relationship between the sound and the meaning of “Broke ” in the ancient Chinese with its syntactic performance in the ancient literature. Compared with the existing research, the article (1) further proves the semantic position of Dingmingshangyin on the first reading, that it is semantically opposite to the first result, The verbal contradiction between verb and verb is also proved that the verbal transliteration is the original word; (2) Good interpretation of the “classical” in the text some of the phenomenon of re-sound; (3) that the deciduous mother of a righteousness as the overall separation of the object is the mother of the mother on the sound or decite to read the first finger. Finally, the article examines the historical evolution of the meaning of “broken” characters in combination with modern Chinese dialects.