Residence courtyard in traditional village in Central China is research object of this paper.Through interview,surveying and mapping and questionnaire,spatial concept and behavior pattern reflected by local dialect is studied,and it is found that: (1) Spatial concept of residence courtyard in Central China has the following features: various space is correlated with each other,and specific and complete function hardly exist in single space.(2) As to behavior,residential space of traditional village is flexible in use,and various behaviors is often connected with each other;such spatial concept and behavior makes use of space inexpensive and simple,and is suitable for the lifestyle of traditional village under limited conditions.In the conservation and development of traditional village,great importance shall be attached to spatial features and use of residence courtyard to find proper sustainable development mode.