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Objective:To investigate long-term prognostic influence of the residual renal function on peritoneal dialysis(PD)patients,and establish an equation to judge PD patienrs prognosis.Methods:389 patients were performed peritoneal equilibrium test.Blood,24-hour urine and 24-hour dialysate were collected for the detection of creatinine(Cr),urea nitrogen(BUN),albumin(ALB),sodium,potassium,calcium,phosphorus,and calculation of peritoneal transport function D/PCr,residual renal urea clearance index(Kt/V),peritoneal Kt/V,total weekly Kt/V,residual renal glomerular filtration rates(GFR),creatinine clearance rate(CCr).The above indicators were analyzed by x2 test,t test in survival group and death group,and the related factors were analyzed by Logistic regression analysis,COX regression analysis and discriminant analysis,and establish an equation of PD patients death risk.Results:(1)Female and elderly patients with PD was high mortality and the survival rate was high in these PD patients who were visited timely.(2)Urine volume,residual renal Kt/V,urinary creatinine clearance,urinary BUN clearance,residual kidney GFR,total CCr in died group was significantly lower than that of survival group.[(0.34±0.05)L VS(0.82±0.04)L,(0.34±0.04)VS(0.58±0.03),(24.3±1.8)mg/d VS(55.1±2.5)mg/d,(22.5±2.1)mg/d VS(61.6±4.0)mg/d,(1.83±0.35)ml/min/1.73m2 VS(3.19±0.2)ml/min/1.73m2,(51.8±22.1)ml/min/1.73m2 VS(62.8±27.1)ml/min/1.73m2,P<0.05].(3)Sex,age,urine volume were assessed by means of x2 tests and logistic regression analysis(x2:21.675,20.846,16.997,P=O.OOO,OR: 4.076,1.052,5.465).(4)With the daily moisture removal(urine+ultrafiltration)increased,the survival rate increased gradually(total removal O:death).The accuracy rate of judging PD patients prognosis to survival group and died group was 72.8%and 79.0%respectively,and the average was 73.9%.Conclusion: Loss of residual renal function,females,senior patients are the important factors which lead to death.Daily water clearance,especially urinary volume,is a risk facter for the prognosis of patients with PD.