In the present study, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells are isolated from giant pandas.Cells were collected from the bone marrow of two stillborn giant pandas.The cells were cultured and expanded in 10% FBS medium.Cell morphology was observed under an inverted microscopy and the proliferation potential of the cells was evaluated by counting cell numbers for 8 consecutive days.Differentiation potentials of the cells were determined by using a variety of differentiation protocols for osteocytes, adipocytes, neuron cells, and cardiomyocyte.Meanwhile, the specific gene expressions for mesenchymal stem cells or differentiated cells were analyzed by RT-PCR.The isolated cells exhibited a fibroblast-like morphology, expressed mesenchymal specific markers such as CD73, SOX-2, GNL3 and SCFR, and can be differentiated into osteocytes and adipocytes that were characterized by Alizarin Red and Oil Red O staining.Under appropriate induction conditions, these cells can differentiate into neuroglial-like or myocardiallike cells, which expressed specific myocardial markers such as GATA4, CTnT, and MYH7B, or neural specific markers such as Nestin and GFAP.This study demonstrated stem cells recovery and growth from giant pandas.The findings suggest that cells isolated from the bone marrow of giant pandas have a high proliferative capacity and multiple differentiation potential in vitro that might aid conservation efforts.