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AIM In order to study the anti-inflammatory effects and its mechanism of extract from Aconitum brachypodum Diels (EABD).The present study was conducted to observe the effects of the EABD on the prohferation, apoptosis, production of the nitric oxide (NO) and reactive oxygen species (ROS) of mouse peritoneal macrophages induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in vitro.METHODS The mouse peritoneal macrophages was prepared under sterile condition, then the cells were divided into control group,LPS groups and EABD groups.After different time of incubation, the cell activities of mouse peritoneal macrophages were analyzed by the methods of MTT.Hoechst 33258 fluorescent staining was used to detect the effect of EABD on cell apoptosis induced by LPS.NO release in the medium were determined by Griess reagent, and ROS production was determined by fluorescence probe DCFH-DA.RESULTS EABD could dose-dependently inhibit the activity and apoptosis of mouse peritoneal macrophages induced by LPS,demonstrating a significant anti-inflammatory effect in vitro.Different concentrations of EABD could inhibit the production of NO induced by 10 rag· L-1 of LPS in a dose-dependent manner.Moreover, the production of ROS in mouse peritoneal macrophages induced by LPS was significantly inhibited by EABD.CONCLUSION The extract from Aconitum brachypodum Diels has significant antiinflammatory effect in vitro, which may due to an anti-oxidative mechanism of the folk plant.