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A novelmethod of ultra high-pressure liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS) was developed for the quantitative analysis of 18 major bioactive components from Huangqi decoction (HQD).HQD is a classic traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) commonly used to treat consumptive and chronic liver diseases.Chromatographic separation was performed on a reverse-phase C18 column for 30 min at a flow rate of 1 mL/min.The optimum mobile phase for the gradient elution was 0.05% aqueous formic acid and acetonitrile.All of the analytes showed good linearity over the tested concentration ranges (r2 > 0.9972).The recoveries of the three concentration levels ranged from 91.14% to 106.21% with relative standard deviation (RSD)less than 4.69%.Intra-and inter-day precisions were less than 4.73% and 4.97%, respectively.Moreover, this method was successfully used to determine the content of HQD extracts in three different batches.Hence, this method could be used for the multi-component quality control of HQD.