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选择合理安全系数是机械设计中经常遇到的问题。实际情况表明，即使安全系数大于1，材料仍有破坏可能。是否加大安全系数就可避免事故的出现呢？并非如此，单纯增大安全系数只会增加材料的尺寸和重量，这样造成零件重量增加、成本上升。安全系数大于1，材料仍可能破坏的原因在于：（1）强度和应力分布的离散性；（2）常规安全系数选择主要是凭设计者的经验确定。
Choosing a reasonable safety factor is a problem often encountered in mechanical design. The actual situation shows that even if the safety factor is greater than 1, the material may still be destroyed. Can the accident be avoided by increasing the safety factor? This is not the case. Simply increasing the safety factor will only increase the size and weight of the material, which will increase the weight of parts and increase the cost. The reason that the safety factor is greater than 1 and the material may still be damaged lies in: (1) the dispersion of strength and stress distribution; (2) the selection of the conventional safety factor is mainly determined by the designer’s experience.