论文部分内容阅读
目的了解马鞍山市社区吸毒人群艾滋病病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)、梅毒感染状况并分析该人群行为特征。方法采用方便抽样法抽取385名吸毒者,收集艾滋病相关行为及有关的信息,分析马鞍山社区吸毒人群的行为特征。血清学检测采用两次血清酶联免疫吸附试验(ELISA)的方法进行血清HIV抗体检测。采用快速血浆反应素环状卡片试验(简称RPR)的方法检测血清中梅毒抗体,以确定梅毒感染状况。结果 2008年4月～7月在马鞍山市共调查385名社区吸毒对象,HIV阳性感染率为0.78%;梅毒阳性感染率为6.75%。3名HIV阳性感染者均有共用注射器吸毒史,其中2名有非婚性行为,吸毒方式间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);梅毒阳性的有26人,阳性感染者年龄主要集中在31～40岁。吸毒者自愿做HIV检测的相关因素回归分析显示,影响因素有与别人共用注射器、自愿去戒毒所戒毒、参加美沙酮维持治疗和接受艾滋病咨询服务、最近一次性交时使用安全套、最近一年与临时性伴发生性行为。结论建议在社区开展HIV、性传播疾病的咨询与检测,宣传教育是目前最为有效的防止艾滋病/性传播疾病在人群中传播的手段,同时开展有针对性的行为干预,以控制艾滋病等传染性疾病由高危人群向一般人群的传播。
Objective To understand the prevalence of HIV and syphilis among drug addicts in community in Ma’anshan and to analyze the behavioral characteristics of the population. Methods A total of 385 drug addicts were collected by using convenient sampling method to collect AIDS-related behaviors and related information, and to analyze the behavioral characteristics of drug addicts in Ma’anshan community. Serological tests Serum HIV antibody tests were performed using a two-step serum enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Serum syphilis antibodies were detected by rapid plasma-response cyclic card assay (RPR) to determine syphilis infection status. Results A total of 385 community drug abusers were investigated in April and July 2008 in Maanshan City. The positive rate of HIV infection was 0.78%. The positive infection rate of syphilis was 6.75%. Three HIV-positive patients had shared syringe drug abuse history, two of them had non-marital behavior, and there were significant differences in the mode of drug abuse (P <0.05). There were 26 syphilis positive patients and the age of positive infection was mainly in 31 ~ 40 years old. Regression analysis showed that the influencing factors were the sharing of syringes with others, the voluntary detoxification detoxification, the methadone maintenance treatment and AIDS counseling services, the recent use of condoms on sexual intercourse, the recent year and temporary With sexual behavior. Conclusions It is suggested that counseling and testing of HIV and sexually transmitted diseases should be carried out in the community. Publicity and education are the most effective ways to prevent the spread of AIDS / STDs in the community at the moment. Targeted behavioral interventions are also in place to control the contagious effects of HIV / AIDS, Dissemination of the disease from high-risk groups to the general population.