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This paper presents the recent progress on the institutional study of large-scale disaster insurance in China.The research started with summarization of international experience on catastrophe insurance schemes in various countries.The experience and lessons learnt from the experimentation of the policy-based agriculture insurance and farmers house insurance in China are discussed.In order to build up an understanding on the current status of the risk awareness and acceptance of disaster insurance of Chinese residence,a national-wide survey and interview was conducted and the results was summarized.The earthquake risk of China was assessed and the quantified results were used as a basis to design the policy-based earthquake insurance.A proposal of the establishment of Chinas large-scale disaster insurance is discussed,and some suggestions on the operational model are provided.