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Diabetes rates have escalated in China and other Asian populations.A recent meta-analysis has shown a relationship between rice intakes and type 2 diabetes.Given that rice is a staple food in China, the extent to which different varieties of rice influence postprandial glycaemia has potential relevance for the prevention and treatment of type 2 diabetes.Further, glycaemic response to carbohydrate-containing foods may differ in people of different ethnicities.Suggestions have been made regarding the metabolic basis of these differences but experimental data are lacking.We report here the results of two studies in which the glycaemic response to glucose, sucrose, five varieties of rice and a breakfast cereal containing wheat/rice/oats are compared between people of Asian or European descent living in New Zealand.The data show greater glycaemic responses in the Asian compared with the European groups, the between-group differences being particularly marked for the starch based foods.We examined physical activity, salivary alpha-amylase activity and extent of chewing as potential explanatory variables.From a public health perspective, poor overall glycaemic control in people with type 2 diabetes is associated with adverse outcomes.Postprandial hyperglycaemia has been associated with increased risk of both a first cardiovascular eventand an increased risk of subsequent cardiovascular events independent of glycatedhaemoglobin (HbA 1C).These data suggest the potential merit in taking the blood glucose profile into account, in addition to overall glycaemic control, when planning treatment regimens.In this talk, potential reasons for ethnic-specific differences in starch digestion and absorption will be discussedtogether with possible dietary options.