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Background and purpose: whether Angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE)gene polymorphism associates with asymptomatic cerebral artery stenosis is still unknown.The aim of the current study was to determine the relation between ACE gene polymorphism and middle cerebral artery stenosis of asymptomatic residents.Methods: Among 2500 residents recruited by cluster sampling from RongShan community in Foshan area,there were 780 subjects who underwent Physical Examination,questionnaire survey,transcranial Doppler and ACE genotype determination meeting the inclusion criteria were enrolled.Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the independent factors of asymptomatic middle cerebral artery stenosis.Results: Systolic blood pressure(OR=1.02,95%CI 1.01-1.03)associated with asymptomatic middle cerebral artery stenosis,which was significantly higher in middle cerebral artery stenosis group than that of control group in men.ACE gene polymorphism did not show the same relation,however,Systolic and diastolic blood pressure increased significantly from Ⅱ,ID to DD genotypes in men and women.Conclusion: Systolic blood pressure plays an important role in asymptomatic middle cerebral artery stenosis.ACE gene polymorphism was not an independent factor of middle cerebral artery stenosis in asymptomatic residents,but it may affect asymptomatic middle cerebral artery stenosis by influencing Systolic blood pressure.