Recently, only patients with neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2) older than 15 years were have been considered as candidates for an auditory brainstem implant (ABI).Patients with NF2 considered for ABI implantation usually have bilateral vestibular schwannoma, which often results in deafness.The latest studies show an very encouraging outcomes in patients with other cochlear or cochlear nerve malfunctions who cannot currently receive a cochlear implant or patients compromised by cochlear implant.Such etiologies include patients with cochlear nerve avulsion or aplasia, cochlear nerve disruption due to head trauma and severe cochlear malformation.