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为寻找和检验长江刀鲚(Coilia nasus)不同生态型间的形态差异,分析了江苏靖江、上海九段沙、浙江太湖和江西鄱阳湖4个种群906尾样本的脊椎骨数、臀鳍条数和上颌骨长。结果表明,即使是同一种群内的脊椎骨数和臀鳍条数变幅也较大,但均以靖江和九段沙种群的较多,众数分别为81、80和108、109;太湖和鄱阳湖种群的较少,分别为77、75和100、98。上颌骨长/头长也以靖江和九段沙种群的较大,均值为1.067和1.063;太湖和鄱阳湖种群则分别为1.014及0.831。单因素方差分析表明,除了靖江与九段沙种群之间,其他种群间的脊椎骨数和上颌骨长/头长的平均值均有显著或极显著差异;而臀鳍条数均不具有显著的种群差异。洄游型(包含靖江和九段沙)、太湖和鄱阳湖种群的Bayes判别成功率分别达92.9%、92.8%及99.5%,表明现有研究虽已认同短颌鲚(C.brachygnathus)和湖鲚(C.nasustaihuensis)同属于刀鲚,但三者之间还可以依据某些形态特征的组合进行区分。
In order to find and test the morphological differences among different ecotypes of Coilia nasus, 906 vertebrae, anal rays and upper jaws of 906 samples from 4 populations of Jingjiang in Jiangsu, Jiuduansha in Shanghai, Taihu Lake in Zhejiang Province and Poyang Lake in Jiangxi Province were analyzed. long. The results showed that even though the number of vertebrae and anal fins in the same population fluctuated significantly, the population of Jingjiang and Jiuduansha populations was larger, with the numbers of 81, 80 and 108, 109 respectively. The populations of Taihu and Poyang Lake Less, respectively 77,75 and 100,98. The maxilla length / head length was also larger in the Jingjiang and Jiuduansha populations, with a mean of 1.067 and 1.063, respectively. The Taihu and Poyang Lake populations were 1.014 and 0.831, respectively. One-way analysis of variance showed that there was significant or very significant difference in average number of vertebrae and maxilla length / head length except between Jingjiang and Jiuduansha population, while there was no significant population difference . The Bayes discriminant success rates for migratory (including Jingjiang and Jiuduansha), Taihu and Poyang Lake populations were 92.9%, 92.8% and 99.5%, respectively, indicating that although the existing studies agree that C. brachygnathus and P. crispus C.nasustaihuensis) belong to the same family, but they can also be distinguished according to the combination of some morphological features.