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本文利用清代满、蒙、汉文档案史料以及“律例”、“则例”文献,对“内、外蒙古”称谓的由来及其演变作了系统地考察。认为“外蒙古”称谓最初出现于1631年左右,为爱新国(大清国)用来称呼与其建立有结盟关系的住牧于蒙古地区的蒙古各部,其“外”为“边外”之意。而“内蒙古”则指生活在非蒙古区域(驻防各地的蒙古旗人)以及生活在蒙古区域的非扎萨克体制下蒙古各部。19世纪以降,以嘉庆朝《钦定大清会典》为肇始,“内、外蒙古”有了双重概念,后世之中文历史文献受此影响,以“外蒙古”指称蒙古地区的北部,以“内蒙古”指称蒙古地区的南部,当为“内扎萨克”和“外扎萨克”略称。史学家难窥宫廷秘档,遂以“会典”为据著书立说起到了传播作用。在清语、蒙古语中具有各种含义的“内外蒙古”之称谓,则随着大清朝的覆亡以及政权的更替,变成了历史名词。而在汉语和英语世界中,迄今仍沿用清朝时期嘉庆朝以后的“内蒙古”之称。
Based on the historical materials of the Manchu, Mongolian and Han dynasties in the Qing Dynasty and the literatures of “Regret ” and “”, this paper systematically examines the origin and evolution of the appellations “Inner Mongolia and Inner Mongolia”. It is believed that the appellation of “Outer Mongolia” first appeared around 1631 and was used by all the ministries and departments of Mongolia who lived in Mongolia for the purpose of establishing an alliance with Ai Xin Guo (Great Qing State) Outside “meaning. ”Inner Mongolia“ means living in the non-Mongolian area (the Mongolian bannermen stationed in various places) and the non-Zacak system in Mongolia that live in Mongolia. Beginning with the decline of the 19th century and with the celebration of ”the Qing dynasty as the Qing dynasty“ in Jiaqing, ”Inner and outer Mongolia“ had a double concept. The later Chinese literary history was affected by this. The ”Inner Mongolia“ In the north, the ”Inner Mongolia“ refers to the southern part of the Mongolia region, and is abbreviated as ”Nezazak“ and ”Zaza“. Historians hardly see the secret of the court, then to ”Code of Conduct “ is based on the book said played a communication role. In the Qing language, Mongolian language has a variety of meanings ”inside and outside Mongolia,“ the title, then with the fall of the Qing Dynasty and the regime change, has become a historical term. In the Chinese and English worlds, the ”Inner Mongolia" is still used in the Qing Dynasty after the Jiaqing Period.