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目的 Toinvestigatetheeffectsandmechanismsofthyrotropin-releasinghormoneatneuralandsynapticlevelsoninspiratoryactivatedairwayvagalpreganglionicneurons(IA-AVPNs).方法 AVPNsintheexternalformation(eNA)of3-to5-day-oldSDratswereretrogradelylabeledfromthetrachealwall，theIAAVPNswereidentifiedinrhythmicallyfiringbrainstemslicesusingelectrophysiologicalmethods.Oscillatorypatternsandsynapticactivitieswereobservedusingpatchclamptechniques.