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目的了解《北京市中小学生健康指引》健康教育效果,为今后开展学生健康教育工作提供依据。方法按照多阶段整群抽样方法,选取北京市8个区县16所小学一~五年级和16所初中初一~初二的部分学生,在《北京市中小学生健康指引》推广前后进行问卷调查,并对结果进行统计分析。结果推广前后,小学生对8道健康知识问题的知晓率分别为6.11%~91.82%和12.71%~95.50%;初中生对11道健康知识问题的知晓率分别为2.62%~98.16%和44.94%~98.79%。推广前后,小学生对11项健康行为的形成率分别为43.95%~94.66%和51.02%~96.03%;初中生对12项健康行为的形成率分别为28.35%~89.76%和41.70%~92.91%。结论中小学生在《北京市中小学生健康指引》推广后对健康知识的知晓率和健康行为的形成率都有不同程度的提高,但仍有不足。应加强健康知识和健康行为的宣传,培养中小学生良好的卫生习惯。
Objective To understand the effect of health education on the health guidance of primary and secondary school students in Beijing and provide the basis for carrying out health education for students in the future. Methods According to the multistage cluster sampling method, some students from 16 primary schools to 5 grades and 16 junior high schools to secondary school students in 8 districts and counties in Beijing were selected to conduct questionnaire survey before and after the promotion of “Health Guidelines for Primary and Secondary School Students in Beijing” , And the results of statistical analysis. Results Before and after the promotion, primary school students’ awareness rate of 8 health knowledge problems were 6.11% ~ 91.82% and 12.71% ~ 95.50% respectively. The awareness rates of junior health students with 11 health knowledge problems were 2.62% ~ 98.16% and 44.94% ~ 98.79%. The rate of formation of 11 healthy behaviors among primary school students from 43.95% to 94.66% and from 51.02% to 96.03% before and after the promotion of primary school students were 28.35% ~ 89.76% and 41.70% ~ 92.91% respectively. Conclusions Primary and secondary school students ’awareness of health knowledge and the formation rate of healthy behaviors have all improved to some extent after the promotion of “Beijing Primary and Secondary School Students’ Health Guidelines”, but there are still some shortcomings. Publicity on health knowledge and health behaviors should be strengthened so as to cultivate good hygiene habits among primary and secondary school students.