论文部分内容阅读
This paper will describe the extent and most common forms of fraud and corruption.The focus is on transportation projects and more specifically road projects.Based on research and experience from around the world,the paper will identify the most effective tools to minimize fraud and corruption.The main conclusions are that fraud and corruption are widespread and road projects are especially vulnerable to fraud and corruption.Although fraud and corruption can never be eliminated,effective tools to combat the problem have been developed.Each of those tools will be described and practical examples from around the world will be discussed.