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Background Myocardial ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury interferes with the beneficial effects of blood flow restoration to the ischemic myocardium.Oxidative stress-elicited apoptosis has been reported to contribute to I/R injury.All-trans retinoid acid (ATRA),a vitamin A derivative,has anti-oxidative activity,and anti-apoptotic effects as previously reported.However,the activity of ATRA with respect to myocardial I/R injury is uncertain.