The circuits and neural activity patterns underlie the ocular dominance plasticity are not fully clear.We use the awake mouse visual cortex as the model system to explore this problem.With the multi-channel electrophysiological recording method we can observe the neural population activity of the visual cortex along the development and under different visual environments.Our recent experiment results show that the awake mouse visual cortex has different states, one is "active" state, and the other is "quiet sleep-like" state with slow/theta socillation.Under different local brain states the visual responses are different from the view of the local field potentials spectrum.The grating visual stimuli can evoke gamma band oscillation but the frequency band is changing follow the stimulation onset and also different under the two local brain state.The gamma oscillation has been thought to be related to some higher brain function and also visual processing.This phenomenon may play an important role in the neural information communication.Some evidences show that neuronal membrane potential oscillation will affect the plasticity efficiency and direction.So, we propose that the gamma oscillation will play a role in the visual functional development and plasticity.This will provide us a chance to better understand functional development and plasticity from the view of local neural population activity.