多年代际两极“跷跷板”似气候变化的大气起源

来源 :2015中国极地科学学术年会 | 被引量 : 0次 | 上传用户:laotzu123
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  近几十年气候变化的突出特点是北极地区表层显著变暖,南极和南大洋大范围变冷。全球表层温度的长期观测表明这个相反的两极变化是多年代际两半球或者两极“跷跷板”似气候变化的表现。因为此现象与北大西洋海表温度变化相关,通常假设此现象由大西洋经向翻转环流的多年代际振荡引起。本文研究表明这个跷跷板现象有大气起源。结果展示与“跷跷板”现象相关的南大洋表层变冷(变暖)归因于南半球西风带的增强(减弱),这可以追溯到北半球以及热带对流层的变暖(变冷)。南极臭氧空洞已经被证明是最近观测到的南半球夏季西风带增强背后的重要驱动力。我们的结果表明北半球和热带变暖扮演的触发作用可能比最早探测到的南极臭氧空洞的出现还早,它通过冷却南极大陆上空平流层低层促进了臭氧空洞的形成。
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