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环境库兹涅茨曲线(EKC)假说认为,环境污染与收入增长之间是一种先增后减的倒“U”型曲线关系,按这一假说发展中国家正处于污染与收入增长同时发生的阶段,如何尽量在实现经济增长的同时降低污染实现可持续发展是发展中国家的重要任务,政府作为污染供给者的控制者对经济发展与环境污染的作用机制将会产生重要影响。传统的EKC研究对发展中国家的政府行为特征缺乏系统研究,本文从中国实践出发试图构造一个政府行为模型分析其对污染的影响。数据表明,中国经济增长过程中的环境污染问题已经十分严峻,政府的唯GDP主义对环境污染的现状负有重要责任。通过两个政府行为模型的分析,得出了不同条件下的污染选择。最后提出我国政府在环境问题上不能采取放任的态度,而应该在环境方面扮演积极角色,在经济成长初级阶段注重生产扩大型技术进步,到一定阶段注重环保技术的利用来减少拐点出现的时间等政策建议。
The Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis argues that there is a “U” curve relationship between environmental pollution and income growth. According to this hypothesis, developing countries are in the process of pollution and income growth At the same time, it is an important task for developing countries to reduce pollution and achieve sustainable development as much as possible while realizing economic growth. As the controller of the supplier of pollution, the government will have a significant impact on the mechanism of economic development and environmental pollution. Traditional EKC research lacks systematic research on the characteristics of government behavior in developing countries. This paper attempts to construct a government behavior model from the practice of China to analyze its impact on pollution. The data show that the problem of environmental pollution in China’s economic growth has become very serious. The government’s only GDP-dominated economy has an important responsibility for the status quo of environmental pollution. Through the analysis of two government behavior models, we can get the pollution options under different conditions. Finally, it is proposed that our government should not take a laissez-faire attitude on the environment. Instead, it should play an active role in the environment, pay attention to the production of expanded technological progress in the initial stage of economic growth, and pay attention to the utilization of environmental technologies in a certain stage to reduce the time of inflection policy suggestion.