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Human leukocyte antigen-G (HLA-G) is an important immunotolerant which could be a part of the strategies applied by malignant cells applied to avoid host immune surveillance.Aberrant expression of HLA-G has been found in ovarian carcinoma, however, the biological function of HLA-G in ovarian cancer yet to be elucidated.The aim of this study was to evaluate the HLA-G expression in ovarian cancer tissues and to explore its function in vitro.In the current study, HLA-G expression in 33 primary ovarian carcinoma tissues was analyzed using immunohistochemistry with the anti-HLA-G monoelonal antibody (mAb) 4H84.Furthermore, the function of HLA-G in NK cell cytotoxicity was determined in vitro by cloning and expression of HLA-G on the ovarian carcinoma cell NIH:OVCAR-3.Immunohistochemistry data revealed that HLA-G expression was detected in 22/33 (66.7%) primary tumor tissues, but was absent in normal ovarian tissues (p<0.01).in vitro cytotoxicity studies showed that HLA-G expression dramatically inhibits cell lyses by the NK-92 cells (p<0.01), which could be restored by the anti-HLA-G conformational mAb 87G (P<0.01).In summary, HLA-G was expressed in a significant number of primary ovarian carcinoma tissues, and HLA-G expression in OVCAR-3 could directly inhibit NK-92 cell lysis.Our results indicated that expression of HLA-G plays an important role in evasion of ovarian cancer cells from host immune surveillance.