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Sea harbors are an important component of infrastructure, providing the logistic backbone for the competitiveness of national industries.In this paper we discuss the challenges that the increasing volume in containerized trade poses to the four largest container harbors of Europe.Especially the increased draft of post panamaxx vessels challenges the seaside accessibility of seaports.The possible strategies are deepening of estuary waterways or the creation of new deep sea harbors.As an example of the latter, we consider the case of Jade-Weser Port at Wilhelmshaven, which opened in fall 2012.