The male bovines generally have huge hones.Hones are their weapons to compete for territory,hunt for food and get the opportunity to mate with the females.As a means of defense and attack,the sheep horns can withstand the maximum impact force of approximately 3400N during their head-on collision.During bovines life,the horn will not be sloughed off,so the horn needs to have sufficient strength and toughness when the bovines fight.In the long-term evolution process,the bovines horn has evolved into a kind of natural composite material which has excellent structure and mechanical property.The microstructure and mechanical properties of sheep horn living in northeast China are investigated in the paper.We make the specimens from the base,center and tip of the horn sheath to do the quasi static tensile tests and compression tests.In the tensile tests,the mechanical properties of the horn sheath can be divide into four stages: liner elasticity,plateau,strengthen and local deformation,the longitudinal elastic modulus of the three parts are 1.68± 0.09GPa,2.23±0.12GPa and 1.85±0.17GPa,respectively.Besides,the transverse and longitudinal contrast samples are derived from the base.The maximum tensile strength of the transverse specimens are only half of the longitudinal tensile strength and the ductility is far less than that of the longitudinal samples.In the compression tests,the compression modulus and the yield strength of the longitudinal samples in center part are 2.14±0.19GPa and 68.52 ±3.58MPa,respectively.The results show the similar trend with the longitudinal samples of center part in tensile test.The mechanical properties of the horn is closely related to the macro and micro structure,The sheep horn is composed of the inner and outer layers in macrostructure,outer layer is mainly made up of keratinized protein which possesses excellent load bearing capacity and impact strength,the inner layer is loose and porous which has the function of buffering and absorbing.We select the damaged specimens in the mechanical tests to carry out the SEM tests,and find that the convex hulls and pits on the rough surface,the cross-section microstructure of the samples with multi-layer structure and the tubular structure distributed among the layer structure in the growth direction make a contribution to the energy absorption and slowing down the rate of crack propagation.Through an initial research we find that the surface morphology,materials,micro and macro structures influence the mechanical properties of sheep horn,and that provide the theoretical basis on the design of bionic bumper.