Dengue virus (DENV) can cause self-limiting dengue fever (DF) and severe dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) and dengue shock syndrome (DSS).It is generally believed that cytokine storm leads to the increased plasma leakage characteristic of DHF/DSS.In this study, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from blood samples of healthy volunteers, and infected with DENV serotype 2 (DENV2).Culture supernatants of DENV2-infected and uninfected PBMCs were tested against a human cytokine array.Between 6-12 h post-infection, levels of CCL5, IL-6, IL-8 were remarkably elevated, while those of TNF-α decreased.Total RNA isolated from these PBMCs was used against a human miRNA microarray to identify differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs).11 upregulated and 4 downregulated miRNAs were valided by qRT-PCR.With analyses of Sanger mibase, miRanda and TargetScan, we found 261 common predicted genes.Databases were used to identify homologous sequences on mRNAs of putative target genes that may be directly bound by the miRNAs identified above and we found cytokines and epigenetic regulators might be putative target genes of these miRNA.With the analyses of Ingenuity Pathway Analysis (IPA), we noticed that canonical pathways like biological regulation pathway which were predicted to be highly modulated by these miRNA