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Improving photosynthetic efficiency is a major approach to dramatically increase crop yields.Systems modeling and optimization can be used to identify new options to engineer higher crop water and light use efficiencies.Systems modeling identified a number of engineering targets where results of natural selection have been against optimized photosynthetic efficiency.Here I present recent progress in development of a dynamic systems model of canopy photosynthesis and a complete reaction diffusion model of leaf photosynthesis.The strategy of linking such systems models to large scale genomic information will be presented.A number of engineering options that can lead to enhanced water and light use efficiencies will be discussed.