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All animals are able to perceive space and time.Their behaviors in space and physiological processes fluctuate to adapt approximately to the 24-hour day/night cycle created by the self-rotation of our planet.In mammals including humans, this circadian biorhythm is entrained mainly by daily changes in ambient luminance detected by newly-found intrinsically photoreceptive retinal ganglion cells, which project to several brain regions including the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus and the thalamic lateral geniculate nucleus.Some multiunit and brain slice recordings have revealed a circadian oscillation of suprachiasmatic activity, but our knowledge is completely lacking about whether and (if yes) how single thalamic cells would synchronize their firing rates to external light/dark cycles.