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Objective Ovariectomy(OVX) can cause bone loss in rats, but little is known about the relationship of osteoporosis(OP) and osteoarthritis(OA) .This study investigated how OA affects the development of OP in OVX rats.Merterials and Methods Fifty 3-month-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided randomly into five equal groups. The baseline control group (BL group) was euthanized at the beginning of the experiment. A bilateral ovariectomy was performed in 10 rats (OVX group) and another group of 10 rats was subjected to a sham surgery (Sham group). Osteoarthritis was induced by transection of the anterior cruciate ligament of the right knee in 10 rats (OA group). Bilateral ovariectomy and transection of the anterior cruciate ligament of the right knee was preformed in the last group (OVX+OA group). Bone mineral density (BMD) measurement and bone histomorphometric analysis were applied to the right femora in all rats evaluated 6 months after surgery. Before death, they were all double-labeled with subcutaneous injections of tetracycline and calcein.Results The bone mass of the OVX group is significantly lower than that of the Sham group (P ＜ 0.05). The bone mass of the OVX+OA group is significantly higher than that of the OVX group. The bone mass of the OVX+OA group is significantly lower than that of the OA group. There is no significant difference in bone mass between the OA and Sham groups. Conclusion In conclusion, OA retards the development of OP in the distal femur of OVX rats.