Neuroinflammation caused by microglial activation plays a key role in brain ischemia.Microglias are activated in response to diverse stimuli and release multiple inflammatory mediators.In seek for new drugs to modulate neuroinflammation, we recently found that Adjudin, a potential non-hormonal male contraceptive, exhibits additional function to reduce production of proinflammatory mediators in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated microglial cells.In our present study, one-hour Adjudin pretreatment reduced IL-6 and IL-1β mRNA levels in BV2 microglial cells.IL-6 secretion was also reduced with Adjudin pretreatment.To determine whether Adjudin might have similar effects in vivo, mice were given Adjudin (100 mg/kg, i.p.) 3 h before and post LPS injection (2.5 mg/kg, i.p.).The results showed that Adjudin decreased the induction of IL-6 and IL-1 β mRNA by LPS in the brain.Thus, our data suggest that Adjudin might mitigate neuroinfiammation.