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A novel virulence factor,isiA (in vivo-secreted insulin-degrading enzyme) was discovered in Vibrio vulfnicus,a causative agent of septicemia and wound infection in human,isiA was identified by two independent methods for screening virulence factors; the in vivo expression technology (IVET) and comparative transcriptomic microarray studies among the strains with various virulence potentialities.These analyses showed that this gene is implicated to be expressed specifically in vivo and in a higher level in virulent strains.Homologues of this gene are also found in related pathogenic Vibrio spp.The gene isiA has the inverzincin motif (HXXEH),a common feature of other insulin-degrading enzymes.Purified recombinant IsiA exhibited insulin-degrading activity (IDA).