【摘 要】
：
我们设计合成了一系列氨基酸脲衍生物类低分子量有机小分子凝胶因子，这类凝胶因子发生超分子自组装不仅能使有机溶剂成胶，还可以固化不同类型的润滑油。通过核磁氢谱表征这些小分子凝胶因子的成胶机理，主要通过分子内氢键和范德华力自组装成纤维结构，进而组成成三维的网络结构固化润滑油。油凝胶具有优异的温度诱导相变行为，能够在加热时快速液化，冷却时又可以迅速形成凝胶。并且具有触变性，在剪切作用下黏度变稀。这些特征使
【机 构】
：
中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所 固体润滑国家重点实验室,甘肃 兰州 730000;中国科学院兰州化学物理研究所,北京 100049
论文部分内容阅读
我们设计合成了一系列氨基酸脲衍生物类低分子量有机小分子凝胶因子，这类凝胶因子发生超分子自组装不仅能使有机溶剂成胶，还可以固化不同类型的润滑油。通过核磁氢谱表征这些小分子凝胶因子的成胶机理，主要通过分子内氢键和范德华力自组装成纤维结构，进而组成成三维的网络结构固化润滑油。油凝胶具有优异的温度诱导相变行为，能够在加热时快速液化，冷却时又可以迅速形成凝胶。并且具有触变性，在剪切作用下黏度变稀。这些特征使得这类超分子油凝胶具有作为半固体润滑剂的巨大潜能，它们在兼具了润滑油的高效润滑性能之外，又能够有效的避免因润滑油的爬移或者泄露而引致润滑失效，有望在齿轮，轴承或者某些滚动润滑部件中发挥作用。我们对这种类型的凝胶润滑剂的摩擦学性能进行了系统的评价，发现在同等的测试条件下，这类凝胶润滑剂表现出了比基础润滑油和普通润滑脂更加高效的润滑性能，具有很好的减摩及抗磨性能。
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电荷转移(charge transfer)凝胶是主要基于电荷转移相互作用而形成的凝胶,近年来,基于电荷转移有机凝胶的研究备受关注[1]。我们设计合成了二肽-苝酰亚胺偶联化合物(FFPBI,图 1),研究了FF-PBI 与氨基酸-芘化合物[2](PBLG,图1)在不同溶剂体系中胶凝化过程、结构以及性质。研究发现,FF-PBI 与PBLG 在甲苯和乙醇中,都可以形成电荷转移有机凝胶(图1A)。