Taking advantages of non-or lowly-toxic property of silicon,exploration of silicon technology for biological and biomedical applications is of particular interest and has been extensively studied in recent years.Based on recent research efforts in our group,we herien summarize representative and promising achievement to highlight the remarkable development of silicon nanotechnology for biological and biomedical applications in recent years,with the hope to promote the awareness of the realm of silicon nano-biotechnology [1-7].In particular,silicon structures with unique electronic/optical/mechanical properties have been widely employed for constructing a number of biosensing devices with excellent sensitivity and specificity,high reproducibility,and multiplexing capabilities.On the other hand,silicon-based bioprobes featuring strong fluorescence,robust photostability,and excellent biocompatibility have been extensively explored for long-term and real-time bioimaging in vitro and in vivo.