The direct-methods program SnB provides an efficient means for solving protein substructures containing many heavy-atom sites (current record: 160).In order to meet the high-throughput requirements of structural genomics projects,substructure determination needs to be tightly integrated with other aspects of the protein-phasing process.This has been accomplished through the design of a common Java interface,BnP,for SnB and components of PHASES,a popular and proven program suite that provides all the tools necessary to proceed from substructure refinement to the computation of an unambiguous protein electron-density map.Therefore,BnP will facilitate a high degree of automation and enable rapid structure determination by bothe xperienced and novice crystallographers.