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目的探讨湖北省部分地区孕妇膳食营养等因素对新生儿出生体重的影响,为制定符合湖北省实际情况的干预策略和措施提供参考。方法抽取湖北省城乡孕妇进行追踪调查,对孕、产妇和新生儿进行体格测量,采集孕妇血样测定血营养生化指标,现场完成问卷调查并对结果进行处理。结果新生儿平均出生体重为3392g,低出生体重儿和巨大儿发生率分别为3.97%和13.25%。孕期增重较少、血清钙和血清维生素A浓度较低是孕妇分娩低出生体重儿的危险因素。孕期增重过多、孕前体质指数(BMI)过高是孕妇分娩巨大儿的危险因素。结论孕妇膳食、营养影响新生儿出生体重,保持合理的孕前体质指数、适当的孕期增重、提高血钙水平、维持孕期正常范围的维生素A浓度有助于分娩适宜体重的新生儿。
Objective To explore the effects of dietary factors such as dietary nutrition on the birth weight of newborns in some areas of Hubei Province and to provide reference for the formulation of intervention strategies and measures in line with the actual conditions in Hubei Province. METHODS: Pregnant women in urban and rural areas of Hubei Province were selected for follow-up investigation. Pregnancy, mothers and newborns were measured physically. Blood samples of pregnant women were collected to determine biochemical indicators of blood nutrition. The questionnaires were completed on site and the results were processed. Results The average newborns’ birth weight was 3392g, the incidences of low birth weight infants and macrosomia were 3.97% and 13.25% respectively. Pregnancy less weight gain, serum calcium and serum vitamin A concentration is lower risk of maternal delivery of low birth weight children. Excessive weight gain during pregnancy, before pregnancy body mass index (BMI) is a risk factor for pregnant women giving birth to huge children. Conclusions Dietary and nutritional status of pregnant women affected the birth weight of newborns, maintained a reasonable body mass index (BMI) before pregnancy, proper weight gain during pregnancy, increased serum calcium level and maintained the normal range of vitamin A concentration during pregnancy.