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Objective: Brilliant blue G (BBG), a selective P2X7 receptor (P2x7R) antagonist, exhibits neuroprotective properties. This study examinedwhether BBG treatment ameliorates early brain injury (EBI) afterexperimental subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH),specifically via inhibiting p38 mitogen -activated protein kinase (MAPK)-relatedproapoptotic pathways.Inhibition of P2X7R by BBG or P2X7R siRNA can prevent EBI via p38 MAPK after SAH.