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Objective Given the challenges of the early diagnosis in juvenile idiopathic arthritis(JIA), the obje ctive of this study was to investigate the potential possibilities of specific microRNAs in plasma as novel biomarkers for JIA.Method This research was segmented into four stages.First, screened candidate microRNAs: fiv e candidate plasma microRNAs were selected by biochips of microRNAs, corresponding 5 JIA p atients with onset of oligoarthritis, 5 JIA patients with onset of polyarthritis and 3 age-matched an d sex-matched healthy control individuals.Second, validated the feasibility of the microRNAs as n ovel biomarkers by Real-Time quantitative Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR) in plasma on 80 JIA patients (43 oligoarthritis, 37 polyarthritis), 29 juvenile ankylosing spondylitis(JSA) patients and 30 healthy control subjects.Third, observed the changes of microNRAs by RT-PCR in plasm a from another 9 JIA patients before and three months after anti-rheumatic drug treatment.Finally , analyzed the correlation between the levels of candidate plasma microRNAs and clinical parame ters of JIA patients.