In this presentation, I will introduce a novel 2-cm high-spatial resolution distributed Brillouin optical fiber sensors, which also features the capability of measuring dynamic strain with the measurement repetition of up to a few kHz.I will also give some applications based on the high-spatial-resolution and dynamic Brillouin optical fiber sensor, including monitoring of a large AC power generator, fatigue damage detection and quantitative assessment for a wind turbine blade, and monitoringr of pile foundations in laterally spreading ground.