The large-conductance Ca2+-and voltage-gated K+channels or BK channels are ubiquitously expressed throughout the central nervous system including the cingulate cortex and contribute to action potentia
The prefrontal cortex(PFC)is involved in higher-order cognitive functions including working memory and behavioral flexibility,and this brain region is heavily innervated by serotonergic fibers,suggest
Neurotensin(NT)serves as a neuromodulator in the brain where it is involved in modulating a variety of physiological functions including nociception,temperature,blood pressure and cognition,and many n
Voltage-gated sodium channels play essential roles in initiation and propagation of action potentials in electrically excitable cells including neurons,muscle cells and heart.
The central noradrenergic system plays an important role in diverse physiological functions,such as attention,mood regulation,sensory processing and motor control.
Objective Two neuropeptides,orexin-A and orexin-B,have been implicated in the modulation of neuronal firing,neurotransmitter release,sleep/wake,feeding behaviors by activating two orphan G-protein-cou
Background: Alone with nitric oxide(NO)and carbon monoxide(CO),hydrogen sulfide(H2S)is regarded as the third gasotransmitter and plays an important role in the modulation of neurogenic hypertension,dr
GDF-15 is a novel member of the transforming growth factor-β(TGF-β)superfamily,which plays critical roles in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
Galanin,a 29-amino acid peptide(30 in humans),is an important neuropeptide and widely distributed in the nervous systems.Galanin receptor 2(GalR2),one of the three galanin receptor subtypes,is highly