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This study aim to investigate the protective effects of bamboo shoot oil (BSO) and its mechanisms on nonbacterial prostatitis (NBP).The anti-prostatitis effect of BSO were evaluated by prostate weight,acid phosphatase,density of lecithin corpuscles (DLCC),white blood cell count (WBC),and prostatic histomorphological parameters using Xiaozhiling- induced experimental NBP model in rats.The mechanisms of anti-prostatitis effect were assessed using functionally focused cDNA microarray and real-time PCR.BSO could significantly inhibited absolute prostate weight,prostate index,total acid phosphatase,prostatic acid phosphatase,WBC and the expression levels of thirty up-regulated genes,while BSO could significantly increased DLCC and the expression levels of fifteen down-regulated genes.Histologically,BSO treatment significantly suppressed the severity of the lesion in NBP-induced rats.Thus,BSO may be useful for treatment of NBP,as it may inhibits prostate inflammation in NBP patients by affecting the expression of inflammatory cytokines,their receptors,and related genes.