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GBSS1 (Granule-bound starch synthase1) controls amylose synthesis in all cereals.Previous reports on its regulation have been primarily focused on its transcriptional and post-transcriptional levels.In this study, we established that GBSS1 from Oryza sativa L.(OsGBSS1) is capable of forming oligomers in the rice endosperm and the polymerized OsGBSS1 exhibits much higher enzymatic activity.