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在“大跃进”和人民公社化运动遭遇严重挫折后,党内外和国内外对农业集体化和公社化的种种责难、非难和质疑之声泛起,毛泽东在党内外感受到了沉重的政治压力。但他坚持集体化的底线不动摇。在这样一个背景下,大寨典型被作为一种回击非集体化的有力武器进入了毛泽东的视野。也就是说,在影响毛泽东提出“农业学大寨”号召的各种因素当中,回击对农业集体化的非议和质疑是主要因素。
After the “Great Leap Forward” and the people’s commune movement suffered serious setbacks, the censure, criticism and questioning of the collectivization and communes of agriculture both inside and outside the Party and at home and abroad came into being. Mao Zedong felt the heavy politics inside and outside the party pressure. But he insisted on the bottom line of collective unwavering. Against such a backdrop, Dazhai’s model has been brought into Mao’s vision as a powerful weapon to deal with non-collectivization. In other words, among the various factors that affected Mao Zedong’s call for “agrarian learning,” the criticisms and doubts about the collectivization of agriculture were the main factors.