With the commercial application of graphite anode,lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) are extensively applied in numerous portable devices such as smartphones and laptops.However,current LIBs based on conventional intercalation mechanism cannot meet the requirements for the electronic industry and electric vehicles yet.Therefore,it is extremely urgent to seek for the systems with high energy density.Among various promising candidates with high energy densities,lithium-sulfur (Li-S) batteries with a high theoretical capacity and energy density are highly attractive;1-2 while the commercial application of Li-S batteries still faces some persistent obstacles,such as the low electrical conductivity of sulfur and lithium sulfide and the dissolution of polysulfides.The introduction of nanocarbon materials into the field of Li-S batteries sheds a light on the efficient utilization of sulfur by improving the conductivity of the composites and restraining the shuttle of polysulfides.In this presentation,the recent progress of the carbon/sulfur composite materials,especially carbon nanotube,graphene,porous carbon and hybrid materials in my research group will be reviewed.3-10 New insights on the relationship between the structure and the electrochemical performance,and proposed some prospects on the future development of Li-S batteries.