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文化与法律论证之间的关系是十分重要但却尚未被系统触及的新主题。这一主题可以被切割为两个方面加以审视:一是文化背景与法律论证间的关系,二是文化论据与法律论证间的关系。前一个方面是双向的。文化背景塑造着法律论证的制度框架及其主体,但文化决定论的倾向会产生取消论证的效果,碎片化的文化背景也无法为论证提供客观标准。相反,法律论证理念本身则蕴含着特定的人权文化背景。后一个方面是单向的。文化论据在法律解释中集中体现为比较解释,它既可以被正向运用,也可以被反向运用,但无法构成终极的证立依据。文化对于法律论证发挥着重要但也有限的意义。
The relationship between culture and legal argument is a new but important topic that has not yet been touched upon by the system. This theme can be cut into two aspects to be examined: one is the relationship between cultural background and legal argument, and the other is the relationship between cultural arguments and legal arguments. The first aspect is two-way. Cultural background shapes the institutional framework of law argumentation and its subject, but the tendency of cultural determinism will have the effect of canceling the argument. The fragmented cultural background can not provide an objective standard for argument. On the contrary, the concept of legal argument itself contains a specific background of human rights and culture. The latter aspect is one-way. Cultural arguments are mainly embodied in the legal interpretation as a comparative explanation. They can be used both positively and negatively, but they can not form the ultimate basis for their justification. Culture has an important but also limited meaning for legal argument.