Candida africana and C.dubliniensis wereisolated from patients with vulvovaginal candidiasis(VVC).The occurrence of Candida africana andCandida dubliniensis was determined in presumptiveC.albicans isolates,which were identified using theAPI Candida system.We retrospectively re-examined1014 vaginal presumptive C.albicans isolates for C.africana and C.dubliniensis at the Department ofObstetrics and Gynecology of Peking UniversityShenzhen Hospital from January 1,2003,throughDecember 31,2012,via detection of the HWP1 gene.C.africana was detected in 1.5% (15/1014) of vaginalpresumptive C.albicans isolates,whereas C.dubliniensis was not identified among these isolates.All of the 15 C.africana isolates were susceptible to nystatin,fluconazole,itraconazole,miconazole,and clotrimazole.Candida was completely eradicated (culture was negative) in 15 (100%) patients with VVC caused by C.africana at days 7-14 and days 30-35 follow-up when treated with different antifungal agents.We conclude that C.africana existed in the vaginal samples of patients with VVC and that no C.dubliniensis was present in those patients.The C.africana isolates were susceptible to the tested antifungal agents.VVC caused by C.africana appears to respond well to current therapies.