Background The purpose of this study is to evaluate the value of plasma renin activity (PRA) of renal vein to predict blood pressure (BP) response in patients with renal artery stenosis (RAS) after renal angioplasty and stenting.Methods We studied 57 hypertensive patients who were highly suspected of renovascular hypertension (RHV) between 2002 and 2013 in Department of Hypertension at Shanghai Ruijin Hospital.The patients underwent renal artery angiography to make a definitive diagnosis.Before the angiography,the PRA of bilateral renal vein and the infrarenal inferior vena cave were measured.24 hours ambulatory BP recordings were obtained before intervention and follow-up.