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Nano-ZnO has become one of the most important semiconductor materials.However,the nature of intrinsic defects and their effects on luminescence have been debated for a long time.In this report,high concentrations of defects were introduced into ZnO nanoparticles through non-equilibrium laser-ablation-in-liquid(LAL)method.The resultant blue emissions were comprehensively analyzed,focusing on the defect origins and broad controls.Some ZnO nanoparticles exhibited strong blue photoluminescence,the intensity of which first increase and then decrease with annealing.These visible emissions exhibited strong and interesting excitation dependences: 1)the optimal excitation energy for blue emissions is near the bandgap energy,but the effective excitation can obviously be lower,even 420nm(2.95 eV
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