Objective This systematic review and meta-analysis aims to assess the effects of different interventions to reduce heat loss in the management of post-traumatic hypothermia in adult trauma patients during emergency treatment.Methods Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials(2016),MEDLINE(1956 to November 2016),PUBMED(1966 to November 2016),EMBASE(1982 to November 2016),and China Biomedical Literature Database(CBM)(1978 to November 2016)were searched for randomized controlled trials(RCT)with the outcomes relating to the difference in core body temperature,rate of warming,mortality,time to achieve normothermia and patientsreported outcomes,etc.Results Ten trials with 495 participants were included in this meta-analysis.The included studies were of low to moderate quality and varied in the measurement of body temperature and types of co-intervention.The two active warming systems,intravenous fluid warming and carbon-fiber blanket heating,showed different warming effects(MD =2.74,95%Cl:2.54-2.95 vs MD = 1.10,95%Cl:0.5-1.69).The patientsreported outcomes measured with the Cold Discomfort Scale confirmed the thermal effectiveness of the chemical heat pad in active warming.Continuous arteriovenous warming took significantly less time than standard active warming to achieve normothermia,raising the body temperature to 36° C in 4.2 hours(SD = 2.4 h)as compared with 2.3 hours(SD = 2.5 h).Conclusion Active warming appears to play a clinically important role in increasing the core body temperature,and either active or passive warming can reduce patientscold discomfort.However,this conclusion is to be further supported by more high-quality evidence from important clinical outcomes,and the warming effect in different phrases of emergency treatment needs to be further evaluated with more well-designed studies.Discussion Most of the included studies had small sample sizes,and very few reported outcomes in relation to the rate of warming,time to achieve normothermia and patientsreported outcomes.In an international view,some developing countries are lacking in proper interventions and nursing processes for the prevention and management of post-traumatic hypothermia in emergency treatment.So on the base of learning foreign experience,developing countries such as China should establish scientific,reasonable and efficient management process of trauma and explore the improvement of treating post-traumatic hypothermia patients in the future.