Back ground: Evidence has been provided that short-term meditation training could alter attentional processing.Hence,the question arises as to whether the effect could also be manifested in the attentional blink(AB)task.The present study used a modified “target-mask,target-mask”(TM-TM)paradigm to test the effect of a 6-day meditation training on the reduction of the susceptibility to the attentional blink.Method: forty-one healthy meditation beginners participated in this experiment.They were assigned into a meditation training group(mean age 22,SD 1.62,6 male and 14 female)or an attentional task group(mean age 21.67,SD 1.56,9 male and 11 female).The meditation group received meditation training(30 min per day)for 6 days.The control group was given an attentional task with a similar time schedule.All participants finished two “TM-TM” attentional blink tasks,one before and one after the 6-day training period.In the TM-TM paradigm,participants initiated each trial by pressing the space bar.The four-item sequence(T1,M1,T2,M2) began after a variable delay(100 ms,200 ms,or 300 ms).We created three levels of T1 difficulty (easy,medium,and hard)by co-varying the duration of T1 and M1(45/45,30/60,and 15/75 ms,respectively).The inter-stimulus interval between T1 and M1 was always maintained at 30 ms.T2 and M2 were fixed at the level of 30/60 ms.On each difficulty level,the stimulus onset asynchrony (SOA)between T1 and T2 varied between five levels(135 ms to 615 ms,in steps of 120 ms).Each of the 15 conditions of Difficulty × SOA were composed of 20 test trials.All trials were mixed and randomly presented in one block so as to avoid any predictive allocation of attention resource before a given trial.Thus,the change in attentional blink magnitude corresponding to T1 difficulty could only be attributed to the improved processing efficiency but not the changing of resource allocation for T1 or T2.The T2 accuracies were calculated at 15 conditions respectively on the trials that T1 were correctly identified and were analyzed with a 3(difficulty)×5(SOA)× 2(test time)× 2(group)mixed ANOVA.Results: The results revealed that T2 accuracy of the hard condition was significantly improved only in the meditation group,although it was enhanced in both groups under easy and medium condition.Post hoc test showed that under the hard level,meditation training could significantly improve the T2 accuracy at all exceptthe shortest SOA levels under hared condition. Conclusion: These observations support that short-term practice of meditation could enhance the efficiency of information processing and help to overcome attentional limitation in the temporal domain.