Objective To investigate learning-memory deficit in the model rats of COPD and the protective effects of caffeine on learning-memory ablity.Methods The Sprague Dawley rats which had passed eight-arm maze task were interruptedly placed in a special closed cabin which was hypoxia and hypso-carbon dioxide for 4 week.Caffeine of two doses (30 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg) was resolved into drinking water.Ethology tests were evaluated by eight-arm maze task and Morris water maze task ordinally.Results The COPD model rats demonstrate learning-memory deficit.At eight-ann maze task,working memory errors (WME) of COPD group (1.00± 1.41) increased 50% than control group,and reference memory errors (RME)(2.83± 1.53) had increased 41.5%.Compared with COPD group,WME(0.58±0.67,0.42±0.51) of caffeine intervention group (30 mg/kg and 10 mg/kg) decreased 42% and 58% respectively.RME also reduced,but the reduction had no statistical significance.